• Fearless Reporting on the Climate Crisis & Corporate Power

    Fearless Reporting on the Climate Crisis & Corporate Power

    Fearless Reporting on the Climate Crisis & Corporate Power From exposing pulp mill politics to investigating 'green' hydrogen projects, Joan's investigative work holds corporations and governments accountable while amplifying community voices fighting for climate and environmental justice.

  • From Africa to Atlantic Canada: Stories of People & Places

    From Africa to Atlantic Canada: Stories of People & Places

    From Africa to Atlantic Canada: Stories of People & Places With over 30 years of international experience, Joan brings unique perspectives from seven African countries to her reporting on environmental challenges, public transport, and community activism in Canada.

  • That Matter: Environmental Justice & Corporate Accountability

    That Matter: Environmental Justice & Corporate Accountability

    Discover Joan Baxter's award-winning books, including "The Mill: Fifty Years of Pulp and Protest" and "Seven Grains of Paradise," alongside her investigative journalism exposing environmental issues and corporate capture across Canada and Africa.

Some glass doors with vertical metal handles are obscured by paper on the inside. On either side of the shuttered entrance are grubby off-white tiles, and a metal sign reading "Hudson's Bay Company Incorporated May 1670" and above that, someone has scribbled with marker pen, "Bye colonizers." A planter painted red, yellow, blue and pink is in front of the wall, below the sign.

This conversation was first published by the Halifax Examiner on March 28, 2025.

Private equity firms have been in the news this year.

As I reported here, Canada’s oldest retailer, the iconic Hudson’s Bay Company, has declared bankruptcy and has been liquidating all but six of its 80 stores across the country.

Like so many other retail outlets before it, The Bay succumbed to the private equity buyout-and-bankrupt scourge. The Bay is owned by NRDC, a large U.S. private equity firm owned by real estate mogul Richard Baker, who has “driven a set of coffin nails into The Bay.”

Canada’s new Prime Minister Mark Carney has also been scrutinized for his private equity background. Before becoming leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and then prime minister, Carney spent nearly five years as chair of a private equity firm – Brookfield Assets Management – and there have been criticisms of the way Brookfield operates, and its use of the tax haven of Bermuda for two of its funds.

Many Canadians who are active on the stock market – including Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre – are invested in Brookfield through exchange-traded funds. That’s how pervasive large private equity firms have become.

In a recent report for the Canadian Anti-Monopoly Project (CAMP), author Rachel Wasserman laid out some problems with private equity, or more specifically, with “buyout private equity.” The buyout private equity playbook involves the “leveraged buyout,” when a firm borrows heavily to purchase healthy mature businesses, including consolidating or “rolling up” small independent businesses to take control of an entire sector (such as veterinary services, funeral homes).

The playbook includes saddling the acquired company with the debt used to acquire it, increasing profitability by cutting staff and expenses, stripping it of real estate assets if it has any, and renting premises back to the company. Buyout private equity firms profit massively from short-term serial investments, and then flip them, usually to another private equity firm. In some instances, however, their profiteering drives the company into bankruptcy.

Witness the demise of The Bay.

But it’s not just the owners and employees of the private equity firms who are benefiting from this parasitic playbook. Anyone receiving a pension may well be unwittingly complicit in the private equity business. Canada’s Pension Plan and the Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, for example, are two of the biggest investors in private equity in the world, because it is usually very profitable – even if, sadly and ironically, it often harms workers.

After I reported on the immense economic and social damage that buyout private equity causes, I received a lot of feedback from readers who expressed frustration about the problem, and asked what – if anything – could be done to rein in these firms.

I wanted to know the same thing.

So I got in touch with Jon Shell, chair of Social Capital Partners, an independent Canadian organization that sees extreme wealth inequality and concentrated ownership of assets in Canada as “big problems” it wants to help fix.

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A narrow gravel road, flanked by granite rocks, winds through scrubland, under a grey sky. Some snow is still visible on the sides of the road.

This commentary was first published by the Halifax Examiner on June 16, 2025.

On May 2, 2025, the Canadian Geographic published a heart-warming tale, initially headlined, “From fishing to rockets — Canso, N.S. could be entering the space race: U.S.-imposed tariffs could tip the scales on a proposed spaceport near Canso, N.S.”

This is the quaint start to the story:

Nestled on the northeast coast of Nova Scotia is Canso, a town of 71,000 known for its lighthouses and incredible fishing. But the region, located on the traditional lands of the Paqnkek [sic] Mi’kmaw Nation, may soon have another claim to fame — as the home base for an active spaceport.

Maritime Launch Services wants to launch Canadian-made rockets over the Atlantic Ocean, sending satellites around the poles or over the equator as needed. While these plans remain at an early stage, the community is already preparing to host the initial influx of staff who have arrived to oversee the construction and early development of its facility.

The story is about the wannabe spaceport that Maritime Launch (MLS) has been telling anyone who would listen – for years now – that it plans to build in Canso, so it can launch rockets into orbit from this easternmost point of mainland Nova Scotia.

The article quoted MLS CEO Stephen Matier, who pledged “MLS could launch its first orbital mission as soon as 2026, providing Canadian companies a sovereign solution to send their satellites to space.”

Spaceport fueled by media hype and fumes

The Canadian Geographic article is just the latest of many media fluff and puff pieces that rehash phantastic MLS claims about Matier’s spaceport project in Canso.

MLS has benefited from a lot of beyond-credulous reporting from Space Q. Already in 2017, Space Q was repeating MLS claims that the company planned to begin construction of the spaceport in May 2018.

In 2023, the Globe and Mail hosted an hour-long webcast featuring Stephen Matier, who was not once challenged or fact-checked. The Globe and Mail webcast, called “The Space Economy: What could the commercial space age mean for Canada?,” was sponsored by none other than MLS.

Such reporting lends credibility to Matier’s boasts about the MLS spaceport project, as does the support from credulous politicians.

Some major political figures showed up for the launch of a small student rocket in the summer of 2023, including Canada’s former defence minister Peter MacKay, Nova Scotia’s former premier Stephen McNeil, the province’s then minister of education and early childhood development Becky Druhan, Progressive Conservative MLA Greg Morrow, and the director of the Canadian Space Agency.

The author of the Canadian Geographic article, Elizabeth Howell, associate editor of MLS-media-cheerleader-in-chief, Space Q, wrote a gushing piece about the student launch headlined “MLS, space community celebrates [sic] debut student rocket launch at Spaceport Nova Scotia.”

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A man with grey hair, a Nova Scotia blue and yellow tartan scarf, and a blue jacket with a white shirt, is shown from the side, and he appears to be laughing loudly, at something several other men (also wearing NS tartan scarfs) are saying to him.

This commentary was first published in the Halifax Examiner on June 11, 2025.

Back in the fall of 2024, when Tim Houston was on the stump, seeking re-election as premier of Nova Scotia, his campaign literature was littered with photos of him wearing a big toothy grin that made him look like an awfully nice, fun-loving guy.

One of these photos filled the cover of the Progressive Conservative party’s election platform, and was blown up to fill the side of Houston’s blue campaign bus, along with the glib and giddy slogan “Make it happen.”

There were a couple of hints of fangs in that smile, which hinted at Houston’s darker side.

Just before he called the election, breaking the very first piece of legislation his government passed during its first term, Houston took some vicious swipes at asylum seekers, as the Halifax Examiner reported here and here.

He also took a few cheap and predictable shots at the federal Liberals under then-prime minister Justin Trudeau, because he knew that would earn him a few – albeit ill-deserved – political brownie points with some Nova Scotians.

Mostly, though, as he sought a second term as premier, Houston just smiled that toothy smile, and pledged to Nova Scotians that he would make the province more “livable.” He made all kinds of grandiose promises to improve health care and housing, and you just had to believe him because…well…that smile!

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This article was first published by the Halifax Examiner.

It’s March 19, 2025, and The Bay in the large mall in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, is busy, busier than it’s been in a long time, according to staff members, because – belatedly, they say – people are showing up to support the department store now that they’ve heard it is in deep trouble and may have to close its stores across Canada.

But inside The Bay store, long-time employees continue to provide their usual impeccable service, despite the possibility that they may soon be out of a job.

They tell reporter Jennifer Henderson that they have no inside information about the fate of The Hudson’s Bay company, and know only what they’ve read in the news. They asked Henderson not to name them for fear of losing their jobs prematurely. All have worked at The Bay for a long time, one of them for 35 years. They have no idea if the Dartmouth store has a chance of staying open, or if they will get any benefits if it doesn’t.

On March 7, 2025, the Hudson’s Bay Company, the iconic Canadian retailer that can trace its roots (albeit shameful colonial ones) back to 1670, filed for creditor protection in the Ontario Supreme Court under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). It owes creditors nearly $1 billion.

The Bay is facing possible liquidation, depending on the outcome of that creditor protection case, which in turn depends on whether a buyer or interim financing can be found.

So for now, employees just do their work, wait and see.

Only one of the employees Henderson spoke with knows who owns The Bay. She’s worked for the company for more than 15 years, and taken an interest in the corporate history. But that doesn’t mean she knows if or how the ownership is linked to the trouble that has sunk the company.

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A wooden sign with the words "Pictou County Forest School" burned into it around a circle with 3 trees inside it, hangs from a white wooden post over a wooden barrel on the dirt roadside that seems to have had some recent clearing. There is what looks like a buck deer skull with antlers on the barrle and another wooden sign saying "Idle Free Zone Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions."

This article originally appeared in the Halifax Examiner in May 2023. As I’ve noted in recent posts on my website, because multi-billionaire Mark Zuckerberg’s Meta platforms are blocking (censoring) media in Canada, this means articles published by media outlets cannot be posted or shared on any Meta platforms – not Facebook and not Instagram. This bullying by Meta is harmful to independent media, and in my view, harming democracy – instead of fact-checked articles, social media feeds are now full of meaningless memes, unending ads, and lots of opinion based on nothing but, well, opinion. For this reason, I am now posting some of my Halifax Examiner articles on my website, so they will not be blocked and can be read and shared on Meta platforms.

We can hear the children making their way through the woods well before they reach the grove of hemlock trees, this place they call “Base Camp One.” They sound happy, excited, their voices a chorus of youthful exuberance, as they head to school for another day of adventure, learning, and fun in the forest.

Welcome to the Pictou County Forest School.

In what looks like a woods setting sits a weathered grey stump sculpted into what looks like it is meant to be a bear, and the bear is holding a weathered grey wooden sign that says "Welcome to Forest School."

Much of what is created and used at the Pictou County Forest School is of natural materials, like this welcome sign. (Credit: Joan Baxter)

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A screenshot from a presentation shows a graphic representation of a mauve or purplish mountain landscape with the dark pointed tops of what look like spruce or fir trees in the foreground, under a blue sky. In the upper right corner in white text are the words "Forestry For The Future" beside a stylized white skeletal tree logo, and in the bottom left, in green text the same words, over white text saying, Telling Our Story.

This article was originally published by the Halifax Examiner, but because Meta platforms like Facebook and Instagram are blocking / censoring media articles in Canada, alas, the Halifax Examiner is no longer able to share its articles on these (anti-)social media platforms. Thus, if my articles are to be shared on Meta platforms, I have to post them from my own website, as I am this commentary from March 12, 2024. 

It’s been nearly nine months since Mark Zuckerberg’s social media megalith Meta began blocking all news on Facebook and Instagram in Canada – a premature and bullying reaction to the new Online News Act, which hadn’t even come into effect at that point.

Because of Meta’s boycott of all things news, I decided to (mostly) boycott all things Meta. Since last summer, I’ve avoided posting or commenting on Facebook or Instagram. However, I do still lurk to see what is happening out there in Meta-land. For the most part, it’s predictably and depressingly anti-social, sowing division and spreading disinformation.

But there are also important social media accounts run by concerned and investigative citizens keeping tabs on the environment, our forests, and how well our governments are protecting them, and tackling the climate crisis.

So I do occasionally check my feeds, now bereft of fact-checked media articles.

Alas, there’s no shortage of propaganda. My social media feed is riddled with infuriating ads and campaigns peddling all manner of deceitful bunkum, trying to greenwash the fossil fuel sector and other extractive industries, claiming they are working to solve the climate crisis, when many are exacerbating it.

For the past few weeks, the number two item on my feed every time I’ve checked has been a sponsored post from something called “Forestry For The Future.” After weeks of trying to just ignore them, I finally decided it was time to take a look at what is behind these ads.

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Photography

A selection of Joan's images from around the world